Hinzufügen und Entfernen von Update-Kanälen auf einfache Weise

15

Ich weiß, es gibt eine GUI in Ubuntu Software & Updates, um die Update-Kanäle zu aktivieren

Aktualisierung
vorgeschlagen
Backports
Sicherheit

wie in diesem Screenshot gezeigt:

Ich suche nach einer einfachen Möglichkeit, dies von einem Terminal aus mit Befehlen wie

sudo apt-add-update enable updates
sudo apt-add-update enable proposed
sudo apt-add-update enable backports
sudo apt-add-update enable security

sudo apt-add-update disable updates
sudo apt-add-update disable proposed
sudo apt-add-update disable backports
sudo apt-add-update disable security

und noch etwas

sudo apt-add-update enable default

sudo apt-add-update disable default

Einige Beispiele zum besseren Verständnis

Ein leeres sources.list
- cat /etc/apt/sources.list
```
<empty>
```
- sudo apt-add-update enable security
```
<empty>
```

Ein aktiviertes Repository ( main)

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main

Zwei oder mehr aktivierte Repositorys in einer oder zwei Zeilen

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe

oder

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe

oder

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe

Mit deb-srcEinträgen

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe

Mit inaktiven deb-srcEinträgen

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe

Die defaultSache

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe

sudo apt-add-update enable default

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe

Nur ein Eintrag und die disableAktion
- cat /etc/apt/sources.list
```
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe
```
- sudo apt-add-update disable security
```
<empty>
```

Unterschiedliche oder gleiche Server für unterschiedliche oder gleiche Speicherorte respektieren jeden Server

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main

Verschiedene Ubuntu-Versionen für verschiedene Repositories, respektieren Sie jede Version

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main

PPAs oder andere Paketquellen (nicht Canonical) in der sources.list?

Ignorieren!
Sie nicht , die Protokolle ändern, zum Beispiel https, http, tor, ...

— AB
quelle

5

Dies macht genau das, was gefragt wurde;

Ich werde dies von Zeit zu Zeit aktualisieren, falls erforderlich.

Die neueste Version finden Sie in diesem GitHub-Repository .

So installieren Sie aus dem GitHub-Repository:

Installieren Sie git:sudo apt-get install git
Klonen Sie das Repository: git clone https://github.com/kos0/addRemoveDistribution.git

Zusammenfassung:

enableDisableDistribution.pl <enable|disable> <default|security|updates|proposed|backports>

#!/usr/bin/perl

sub printUsage {
    print("Usage: enableDisableDistribution.pl \e[4maction\e[0m \e[4mdistribution\e[0m\n\n");
    print("\e[4maction\e[0m must be \e[1menable\e[0m or \e[1mdisable\e[0m\n");
    print("\e[4mdistribution\e[0m must be \e[1mdefault\e[0m, \e[1msecurity\e[0m, \e[1mupdates\e[0m, \e[1mproposed\e[0m or \e[1mbackports\e[0m");
    exit(0);
}

sub parse {
    open(my $in, "/etc/apt/sources.list") || die("Couldn't open '/etc/apt/sources.list': $!");
    while(<$in>) {
        my $matchDistribution;
        chomp;
        if(/^deb(-src)? +(.*?).ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/? +(.*?) +(.*?) *(#.*)?$/) {
            my $debSrc = $1 eq "-src";
            my $URI = $2;
            my @split = split("-", $3);
            my @components = sort(split(" ", $4));
            if(($distribution eq "default" && defined($split[1])) || ($distribution ne "default" && $split[1] ne $distribution)) {
                push(@add, "$debSrc,$URI,$split[0],@components");
            }
            else {
                $matchDistribution = 1;
            }
        }
        (! $matchDistribution && push(@notMatchDistribution, $_)) || push(@matchDistribution, $_);
    }
    close($in);
}

sub update {
    while(1) {
        print("Would you like to update the cache? Y-y/N-n: \n");
        my $update = <STDIN>;
        if($update =~ /^y$/i) {
            my $ret = system("apt-get update");
            exit($ret);
        }
        elsif($update =~ /^n$/i) {
            exit(0);
        }
        else {
            print("Please enter Y-y or N-n.\n");
        }
    }
}

sub rewrite {
    if($action eq "enable") {
        if(@matchDistribution == 0) {
            open(my $out, ">", "/etc/apt/sources.list") || die("Couldn't open '/etc/apt/sources.list': $!");
            foreach(@notMatchDistribution) {
                print $out ($_ . "\n");
            }
            foreach(@add) {
                my @x = split(",");
                my @y = split(" ", $x[3]);
                my $line = sprintf("deb%s $x[1].ubuntu.com/ubuntu $x[2]%s @y", $x[0] && sprintf("-src"), $distribution ne "default" && sprintf("-$distribution"));
                if(! grep(/^$line$/, @added)) {
                    print $out ($line . " #Added by enableDisableDistribution\n");
                    push(@added, $line);
                }
            }
            close($out);
            printf("Added %s %s.\n", scalar(@added), @added == 1 ? sprintf("entry") : sprintf("entries"));
            update;
        }
        else {
            print("$distribution is enabled already. Aborting.\n");
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    else {
        if(@matchDistribution > 0) {
            open(my $out, ">", "/etc/apt/sources.list") || die("Couldn't open '/etc/apt/sources.list': $!");
            foreach my $line (@notMatchDistribution) {
                print $out ($line . "\n");
            }
            close($out);
            printf("Removed %s %s.\n", scalar(@matchDistribution), @matchDistribution == 1 ? sprintf("entry") : sprintf("entries"));
            update;
        }
        else {
            print("$distribution is disabled already. Aborting.\n");
            exit(1);
        }
    }
}

if($> != 0) {
    print("You must be root to run enableDisableDistribution.\n");
    exit(1);
}
if(@ARGV == 2 && $ARGV[0] =~ /^(enable|disable)$/ && $ARGV[1] =~ /^(default|security|updates|proposed|backports)$/) {
    $action = $ARGV[0];
    $distribution = $ARGV[1];
}
else {
    printUsage;
}

parse;
rewrite;

exit(0);

— kos
quelle

12

27. November 2015 Aktualisierung :

Bei der zweiten Version des Skripts war ich immer noch unzufrieden mit der Aufblähung des Quellcodes und der Tatsache, dass ich verschiedene Tools einsetzen musste. Daher habe ich versucht, das Skript nur in AWK umzuschreiben.

Das neue Skript verwendet reines AWK und entspricht den Anforderungen viel besser. Im Wesentlichen wird /etc/apt/sources.listjedes Mal, wenn es ausgeführt wird, neu geschrieben.

Nach dem Ausführen des Skripts ist ein Update erforderlich. Führen Sie dieses Update daher aus, sudo apt-get updatenachdem das Skript erfolgreich beendet wurde.

Die Datei muss über aktivierte ausführbare Berechtigungen verfügen chmod +x add-update.awkund in einem der in der $PATHVariablen enthaltenen Verzeichnisse gespeichert sein . Insbesondere wird empfohlen, das Skript in einem $HOME/binOrdner zu speichern (der ebenfalls an die $PATHVariable angehängt werden muss ).

Eine Sicherung der Originaldatei /etc/apt/sources.listist nicht erforderlich, wird jedoch dringend empfohlen. Um die Datei zu sichern, machen Sie

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

Verwendung:

sudo ./add-update.awk -v ACTION=[enable|disable|help] -v SOURCE=[updates|backports|security|proposed]

Quelle auf Github

Demo:

sergrep:$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list                                                                              
deb http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-backports main

deb-src http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-backports main
# removed

sergrep:$ sudo ./add-update.awk -v ACTION="enable" -v SOURCE="security"   
[sudo] password for xieerqi: 
/etc/apt/sources.list
<<< Script finished processing

sergrep:$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list                                                                              
deb http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security  main universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-backports main
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security  main
deb-src http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb-src http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security  main universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-backports main
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security  main

QUELLCODE

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
#
###########################################################
# Author: Serg Kolo
# Date: Nov 27,2015
# Purpose: A script that enables/disables 4 ubuntu sources
# (namely updates, backports, proposed, and security )
# much in a way like software-properties-gtk does
# Written for:  http://paste.ubuntu.com/13434218/
###########################################################
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software is hereby granted
# without fee, provided that  the copyright notice above and this permission statement
# appear in all copies.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
# THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
# DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

function printUsage() {
    print "Usage: sudo ./add-update.awk -v ACTION=[enable|disable|help] -v SOURCE=[updates|backports|security|proposed]";
    exit
}

function checkSourceEnabled()
{
    if ( $3 ~ SOURCE) {
        print SOURCE" is enabled; exiting"
        VAL = 1
    }
    else {
        VAL = 0
    }
    return VAL
}

function disableSource()
{
    if ( $0 ~ SOURCE ) $0="# removed";
    j++;
    newLines[j]=$0;
}

function listStuff () {
    for(k=4; k<=NF; k++) if ( $k~/#/  ) {break} else {
            COMPONENTS=COMPONENTS" "$k
        };
    gsub(/\-.*/,"",$3);
    STRING=$1" "$2" "$3APPEND" "COMPONENTS;
    COMPONENTS=""
               return STRING;
}

function replaceFile()
{
    command="mv  /tmp/sources.list "ARGV[1]
            system(command);
}

############
#  MAIN
#############
BEGIN {

# argument checking sequence
# must remain written in if-else
# structure rather than case,
# to consider users who may not be able
# to install gawk due to broken sources.list
# which is what this script should be aimed at

# actions checked first so that 
# help message can be printed 
 if ( ACTION ==  "enable" ||
      ACTION == "disable" ||
      ACTION == "default"  ) {

    print "<<< ACTION ARG OK" 
  }
  else if (ACTION == "help" ){
    printUsage()
    exit
  }


  if ( SOURCE == "update" || 
       SOURCE == "security" || 
       SOURCE == "backports" || 
       SOURCE == "proposed" ) { 
       print "<<< SOURCE ARG OK"

  }

   else if ( ACTION != "default"  || ACTION != "help" ) {  
        print "<<< E: SOURCE ARG INCORRECT"; 
        printUsage(); 
        exit 1   }

    # static filename to operate on
    ARGV[ARGC++]="/etc/apt/sources.list";

    if (ACTION == "enable" ) {
        APPEND="-"SOURCE;
    } else{
        APPEND="";
    }

} # END OF BEGIN

$0~/^deb*/ && $0!~/partner/ && $0!~/extra/ {

    if ( ACTION == "enable" ) {
        j++;
        ARRAY[j]=$0
        ENABLED=checkSourceEnabled();

        if ( ENABLED ) {
            exit 1
        }
        else {
            j++;
            ARRAY[j]=listStuff();
        }

    }
    else if ( ACTION == "disable" ){
        disableSource() ;
    }
    else if ( ACTION == "default" && SOURCE == "default" ) {
        j++;
        defaultsArray[j]=$0;
        j++;
        defaultsArray[j]=listStuff();
    }
}

END {
    print "<<< Script finished processing" ;
    if ( ACTION =="enable" && ENABLED == 0 ){
     for(i=1;i<=j;i++)
        print ARRAY[i] |  "sort -u > /tmp/sources.list ";
     replaceFile();
     }
     else if ( ACTION == "disable" ) {
       for ( i=1;i<=j;i++  ) print newLines[i] | "sort -u > /tmp/sources.list"
       replaceFile();
     }
     else if (ACTION == "default" ){
        for ( i=1;i<=j;i++  ) print defaultsArray[i] | "sort -i -u > /tmp/sources.list"
        replaceFile();
     }
}

# END OF MAIN

-

Vorherige Versionen

Version # 1 auf Github (Bash-Skript mit AWK und SED)

Version # 2 auf Github (auch Bash-Skript)

— Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
quelle

12

Ich habe die Quelle von Ubuntu Software Center analysiert, in der geschrieben wurde python.

Danach habe ich geschrieben, dass folgender Code gut läuft. aptsourcesist ein Python-Modul, das vom Ubuntu Software Center zum Verwalten von /etc/apt/sources.listund verwendet wird /etc/apt/sources.list.d.

#!/usr/bin/python

import aptsources.sourceslist
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
import errno

import os

def _lsb_release():
    """Call lsb_release --idrc and return a mapping."""
    result = {'Codename': 'sid', 'Distributor ID': 'Debian',
              'Description': 'Debian GNU/Linux unstable (sid)',
              'Release': 'unstable'}
    try:
        out = Popen(['lsb_release', '-idrc'], stdout=PIPE).communicate()[0]
        # Convert to unicode string, needed for Python 3.1
        out = out.decode("utf-8")
        result.update(l.split(":\t") for l in out.split("\n") if ':\t' in l)
    except OSError as exc:
        if exc.errno != errno.ENOENT:
            logging.warning('lsb_release failed, using defaults:' % exc)
    return result


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(os.sys.argv) != 3 or \
        os.sys.argv[1] not in ['enable', 'disable'] or \
        os.sys.argv[2] not in ['updates', 'security', 'proposed', 'backports', 'default']:
        print "Usage: apt-add-update <enable|disable> <default|updates|security|proposed|backports>"
        os.sys.exit(0)

    release = _lsb_release()
    codename = release['Codename']

    sourcelist = aptsources.sourceslist.SourcesList()

    template = None

    main_uri = ""
    main_comps = []
    main_types = []
    child_comps = []
    child_types = []

    for tmpl in sourcelist.matcher.templates:
        if tmpl.name == codename and tmpl.distribution == "Ubuntu":
            template = tmpl
            break

    updated = False

    for source in sourcelist.list:
        if source.invalid:
            continue
        for comp in source.comps:
            if comp not in child_comps:
                child_comps.append(comp)

        if source.template and source.template.official and source.dist == codename and source.template.name == codename:
            main_uri = source.uri

            for comp in source.comps:
                if comp not in main_comps:
                    main_comps.append(comp)

            main_types.append(source.type)
        else:
            child_types.append(source.type)

        if source.dist == codename + "-" + os.sys.argv[2]:
            if os.sys.argv[1] == 'enable' and source.type in main_types:
                source.set_enabled(True)
            if os.sys.argv[1] == 'disable':
                source.set_enabled(False)
            updated = True

        if source.dist == codename and os.sys.argv[2] == "default":
            if os.sys.argv[1] == 'enable' and source.type in child_types:
                source.set_enabled(True)
            if os.sys.argv[1] == 'disable':
                source.set_enabled(False)
            updated = True

    if not main_uri:
        main_uri = "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu"

    if os.sys.argv[2] == "default" and not main_comps:
        main_comps = child_comps

    if not main_comps:
        main_comps = ['main', 'restricted', 'universe', 'multiverse']

    if not updated and os.sys.argv[1] != 'disable':

        if os.sys.argv[2] == "default":
            uri = main_uri
            if tmpl.base_uri:
                uri = tmpl.base_uri

            tmpl = template
            line = tmpl.type + " " + uri + " " + tmpl.name + " " + " ".join(main_comps)

            sourceentry = aptsources.sourceslist.SourceEntry(line)
            sourcelist.list.append(sourceentry)


        for tmpl in template.children:
            if tmpl.name != codename + "-" + os.sys.argv[2] and \
                not (os.sys.argv[2] == "default" and tmpl.name == codename):
                continue

            if os.sys.argv[2] == "default" and tmpl.type not in child_types:
                continue

            if os.sys.argv[2] != "default" and tmpl.type not in main_types:
                continue

            uri = main_uri
            if tmpl.base_uri:
                uri = tmpl.base_uri
            if not uri:
                continue

            line = tmpl.type + " " + uri + " " + tmpl.name + " " + " ".join(main_comps)

            sourceentry = aptsources.sourceslist.SourceEntry(line)
            sourcelist.list.append(sourceentry)

    sourcelist.save()

Speichern Sie diesen Code unter dem Dateinamen /usr/local/bin/apt-add-update. Und dann wie folgt ausführen.

$ sudo apt-add-update <enable|disable> <default|updates|security|proposed|backports>

Ich habe es für die Multi-Distribution-Unterstützung aktualisiert , zB und .trustywily

#!/usr/bin/python

import aptsources.sourceslist
import os

subdistnames = ['updates', 'security', 'proposed', 'backports']

def get_subdistname(distname):
    rc = "default"
    try:
        rc = distname.split("-")[1]
    except:
        pass
    return rc

def get_distname(distname):
    rc = distname
    try:
        rc = distname.split("-")[0]
    except:
        pass
    return rc

def duplicate_check(entries):
    new_entries = []
    for source in entries:
        for newsource in new_entries:
            if source.type == newsource.type and source.uri == newsource.uri and source.dist == newsource.dist:
                for comp in newsource.comps:
                    if comp in source.comps:
                        source.comps.remove(comp)

        if len(source.comps) > 0:
            new_entries.append(source)
    return new_entries

if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(os.sys.argv) != 3 or \
        os.sys.argv[1] not in ['enable', 'disable'] or \
        ( os.sys.argv[2] not in subdistnames and os.sys.argv[2] != 'default' ):
        print "Usage: apt-add-update <enable|disable> <default|updates|security|proposed|backports>"
        os.sys.exit(0)

    sourcelist = aptsources.sourceslist.SourcesList()
    sourcelist.list = []
    sourcelist.load('/etc/apt/sources.list')

    main_entries = []
    child_entries = []
    other_entries = []

    distro_names = []

    for tmpl in sourcelist.matcher.templates:
        if tmpl.name.find('-') > 0 or tmpl.distribution != "Ubuntu":
            continue
        distro_names.append(tmpl.name)

    for source in sourcelist.list:
        if source.invalid or source.disabled:
            continue
        subdistname = get_subdistname(source.dist)

        if source.dist in distro_names:
            main_entries.append(source)
        elif subdistname in subdistnames:
            child_entries.append(source)
        else:
            other_entries.append(source)

    if os.sys.argv[2] in subdistnames:
        modified = True
        while modified:
            modified = False
            for source in child_entries:
                if get_subdistname(source.dist) == os.sys.argv[2]:
                    child_entries.remove(source)
                    modified = True
                    continue

        if os.sys.argv[1] == "enable":
            for source in main_entries:
                uri = source.uri
                if os.sys.argv[2] == "security":
                    uri = "http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu"
                comps = []
                for i in source.comps:
                    if i in ['main', 'restricted', 'universe', 'multiverse']:
                        comps.append(i)
                line = source.type + " " + uri + " " + source.dist + "-" + os.sys.argv[2] + " " + " ".join(comps)
                sourceentry = aptsources.sourceslist.SourceEntry(line)
                child_entries.append(sourceentry)

    else:
        main_entries = []
        if os.sys.argv[1] == "enable":
            for source in child_entries:
                uri = source.uri
                if get_subdistname(source.dist) == "security":
                    uri = "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu"
                comps = []
                for i in source.comps:
                    if i in ['main', 'restricted', 'universe', 'multiverse']:
                        comps.append(i)
                line = source.type + " " + uri + " " + get_distname(source.dist) + " " + " ".join(comps)
                sourceentry = aptsources.sourceslist.SourceEntry(line)
                main_entries.append(sourceentry)

    main_entries = duplicate_check(main_entries)
    child_entries = duplicate_check(child_entries)
    other_entries = duplicate_check(other_entries)

    sourcelist.list = []
    sourcelist.list.extend(main_entries)
    sourcelist.list.extend(child_entries)
    sourcelist.list.extend(other_entries)

    sourcelist.save()

Die Referenz-URL lautet https://github.com/dupingping/apt-add-update/tree/master

— Xiaodongjie
quelle

7

Verwendung:

## testing

apt-add-update  enable|disable  default|security|updates|proposed|backports  [file]


## real

sudo  apt-add-update  enable|disable  default|security|updates|proposed|backports

Hier die wichtigsten Punkte:

Ich habe die Datei analysiert, weil ich selbst nach anderen Optionen gesucht habe.

Prüft, ob es sich um einen Spiegel handelt, der entweder offiziell (alte Versionen, Ports) oder von der Community bereitgestellte Spiegel python-apt(enthält eine Datei mit allen Spiegeln) enthält.
```
/usr/share/python-apt/templates/Ubuntu.mirrors
```
Behalten Sie immer die offizielle URI in der Datei. Selbst wenn alle deaktiviert sind, wird eine kommentierte Zeile für eine Persistenzeinstellung beibehalten. Die Zeilen werden mit der alphabetischen Sortierung "type", "url", "dist", "comp" auf das Minimum aufgelöst.
Druckt auf die Standardausgabe, wenn sie eine Eingabedatei als drittes Argument oder ohne Schreibberechtigung erhält /etc/apt/sources.list
Unterstützt nicht [ options ]wie [ arch=amd64 ].
Fallen gelassen, disable defaultdas ich Benutzer verpflichte, anzugeben, was zu sperren ist.
Ich mag die letzte Option (9) nicht, weil ich Repos absichtlich mische. Sie sollten daher als Repositorys von Drittanbietern behandelt werden.

Download: mit vollem Test-Set.

https://github.com/sneetsher/au_700860_apt_channels

Skript:

#!/usr/bin/python3

import sys,os
import re

## official repo's 

#http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/
#http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
#http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
#http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/

repo_official_uri_re = re.compile(r"\A(http|ftp)://(([a-zA-Z]*.)?archive|security|old-releases|ports).ubuntu.com/ubuntu(-ports)?[/]?\Z")

## load other mirrors

mirrors=[]

mir_re = re.compile(r"\A(http|ftp)://")

with open("/usr/share/python-apt/templates/Ubuntu.mirrors","r") as f:
    for l in f:
        if mir_re.match(l):
            mirrors.append(l.strip())
f.close()
#print(mirrors)

## system release

with open("/etc/lsb-release","r") as f:
    for l in f:
        k,v=l.split("=")
        if k=="DISTRIB_CODENAME":
            release = v.strip()
            break

#print(release)
f.close()

## load sources.list

##TODO: missing support deb line options like [ arch=whatever ] 
emp_re  = re.compile(r"\A\s*\Z")
repo_re = re.compile(r"\A#* *deb(-src)? *(http://|ftp://|file://|cdrom:)")
com_re  = re.compile(r"\A#")
repo_details_re = re.compile(r"\A(?P<active>#*) *(?P<type>deb(-src)?) *(?P<uri>(http://|ftp://|file://|cdrom:\[[a-zA-Z0-9 \-_().]*\])?\S*) (?P<dist>[a-zA-Z\-_]*) (?P<comp>[a-zA-Z ]*\Z)")


##example
sources={
  "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/":{
    "active":True,
    "deb":{
      "wily":["universe","multiverse","restricted","main"],
      "wily-security":["main","restricted","universe","multiverse"]
      },
    "deb-src":{
      "wily":["universe","multiverse","restricted","main"]
      },
    "mirror":True    
    }
  }

sources={}

uri=""

##for testing
if len(sys.argv)>=4 and os.path.isfile(sys.argv[3]):
    ifile = sys.argv[3]
else:
    ifile = "/etc/apt/sources.list"

with open(ifile, "r") as f:
    for l in f:
        l=l.strip()

        r = emp_re.match(l)
        if r:
            continue
        else:
            #print("raw:",l)

            r = repo_re.match(l)
            if r:
                #print("repository:",l)
                r = repo_details_re.match(l)
                #print(r.groupdict())
                uri=r.group("uri")
                if uri[-1]!="/":
                    uri += "/"
                if (uri not in sources):
                    sources[uri] = {"active":False,"deb":{},"deb-src":{},"mirror":False}
                    m = repo_official_uri_re.match(uri)
                    if m or uri in mirrors:
                        sources[uri]["mirror"] = True
                    if r.group("active")=="":
                            sources[uri]["active"]=True
                    sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")]=r.group("comp").split()
                else:
                    if r.group("active")=="" and sources[uri]["active"]==False:
                        sources[uri]["active"]=True
                        sources[uri]["deb"]={}
                        sources[uri]["deb-src"]={}
                        sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")]=r.group("comp").split()
                    if (r.group("active")=="")==sources[uri]["active"]:
                        if r.group("dist") not in sources[uri][r.group("type")]:
                            sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")]=r.group("comp").split()
                        else:
                            for c in r.group("comp").split():
                                if c not in sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")]:
                                    sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")].append(c)
            else:
                r = com_re.match(l)
                if r:
                    #print("comment",l)
                    continue
                else:
                    print("unknown",l)
    #print(sources)

f.close()

## process argumments

#fallback for default component to be copied from
comp=[release+"-security",release+"-update",release+"-proposed"]
found_other_comp=False 

if sys.argv[2]=="default" and sys.argv[1]=="enable":
    for u in sorted(sources.keys()):
        if sources[u]["mirror"]:
            if sources[u]["active"]:
                for t in ["deb","deb-src"]:
                    if release not in sources[u][t]:
                        for d in range(len(comp)):
                            if comp[d] in sources[u][t]:
                                other_comp_found=True
                                for i in range(d):
                                    sources[u][t][comp[i]]=sources[u][t][comp[d]]
                                sources[u][t][release]=sources[u][t][comp[d]]

                        ###don't activate any thing if commented like an empty file.
                        #if not found_other_comp and t=="deb":
                        #   sources[u][t][release]=["main"]
            #else:
            #   sources[u]["active"]=True
            #   sources[u]["deb"]={release:["main"]}
            #   sources[u]["deb-src"]={}

    ## carry on enable security
    sys.argv[2] = "security"

if sys.argv[2]=="security" or sys.argv[2]=="updates" or sys.argv[2]=="proposed" or sys.argv[2]=="backports":
    for u in sorted(sources.keys()):
        if sources[u]["mirror"] and sources[u]["active"]:
            if sys.argv[1]=="disable":
                if len(sources[u]["deb"])+len(sources[u]["deb-src"])>(release+"-"+sys.argv[2] in sources[u]["deb"])+(release+"-"+sys.argv[2] in sources[u]["deb-src"]):
                    if release+"-"+sys.argv[2] in sources[u]["deb"]:
                        del sources[u]["deb"][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]]
                    if release+"-"+sys.argv[2] in sources[u]["deb-src"]:
                        del sources[u]["deb-src"][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]]
                else:
                    sources[u]["active"] = False
            elif sys.argv[1]=="enable":
                for t in ["deb","deb-src"]:
                    if release in sources[u][t]:
                        if release+"-"+sys.argv[2] not in sources[u][t]:
                            sources[u][t][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]]=sources[u][t][release]
                        else:
                            for c in sources[u][t][release]:
                                if c not in sources[u][t][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]]:
                                    sources[u][t][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]].append(c)

## generate the new list
data_out=""
for u in sorted(sources.keys()):
    #print(u)
    for t in ["deb","deb-src"]:
        for d in sorted(sources[u][t].keys()):
            data_out += (not sources[u]["active"])*"#"+" ".join([t,u,d,""])+" ".join(sorted(sources[u][t][d]))+"\n"

if len(sys.argv)>=4 or not os.access("/etc/apt/sources.list", os.W_OK):
    print(data_out)
else:
    with open("/etc/apt/sources.list","w") as f:
        f.write(data_out)
    f.close()

sys.exit(0)

— user.dz
quelle

#Fallback für Standardkomponente, die aus comp = [release + "- security", release + "- update", release + "- proposal" kopiert werden soll] found_other_comp = False Oben: "-restricted"?

— xiaodongjie

Ich denke, wenn Sie einige Zeilen zur Verwendung anhängen, wird es besser aussehen.

— Xiaodongjie

1

Ich denke, wenn ifile nicht existiert, einfach einen Fehlercode ausgeben und beenden.

— Xiaodongjie

1

Ach ja stimmt. nicht beschränkt, sondern „-backports“

— xiaodongjie

1

Ich glaube, verschiedene Ubuntu-Releases für verschiedene Repositories, respektiere, dass jedes Release nicht implementiert ist =)

— AB

6

Sie können es auf sehr einfache Weise tun, indem Sie verwenden add-apt-repository.

Zum Beispiel können Sie hinzufügen proposeddurch

sudo add-apt-repository "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -sc)-proposed restricted universe multiverse main"

Es wird hinzugefügt debund deb-srcLinien zu /etc/apt/sources.list. Die Quellzeile wird jedoch kommentiert.

Wenn Sie add-apt-repositorymit -sparameter ausführen , wird es nicht auskommentiert deb-src.

Sie können aktivieren securitydurch

sudo add-apt-repository "http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -sc)-security restricted universe multiverse main"

— Pilot6
quelle

Ja, das könnte ich so machen. Aber ich würde die Repositories und einen Server brauchen und nicht einfach ein add securityoder add proposed.

— AB

2

@AB Es ist nicht klar, was du willst. Benötigen Sie einen einfacheren Befehl oder was? Dieser Befehl macht genau das, was Sie in der GUI tun.

— Pilot6

1

Wie in der Frage beschrieben: "Ich suche nach einer einfachen Möglichkeit, dies von einem Terminal aus mit Befehlen wie ... Vielleicht so etwas wie: sudo apt-add-update security"

— AB

Und was ist los mit diesem Befehl? Dass es lang ist? Sie können durch aktualisieren sudo apt-get update. Und es ist ganz einfach, den Befehl zu verkürzen.

— Pilot6

1

Ja sudo add-apt-repository "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed restricted universe multiverse main"ist zu lang, um andere Völker zu unterstützen. Ich musste zuvor vorhandene Repositories und den verwendeten Server abrufen.

— AB