Von bash (oder einer anderen Shell) aus können Sie $ PYTHONPATH so manipulieren, dass es auf das übergeordnete Verzeichnis verweist, z.
echo $PYTHONPATH
export PYTHONPATH="/newhome/django_x.x/trunk"
Dadurch werden die Pfade vorangestellt, die der vorhandenen Python- Pfadliste zugewiesen wurden .
python.org :
Wenn beispielsweise PYTHONPATH auf eingestellt ist
/www/python:/opt/py
, beginnt der Suchpfad mit
['/www/python','/opt/py']
(Beachten Sie, dass Verzeichnisse vorhanden sein müssen, um zu sys.path hinzugefügt zu werden. Das Site-Modul entfernt nicht vorhandene Pfade.)
In Python können Sie auch sys.path ändern ( import sys
falls nicht), um auf Ihren Testzweig zu verweisen.
Beispiel von python.org :
$ python
Python 2.2 (#11, Oct 3 2002, 13:31:27)
[GCC 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.3 2.96-112)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/local/lib/python2.3', '/usr/local/lib/python2.3/plat-linux2',
'/usr/local/lib/python2.3/lib-tk', '/usr/local/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload',
'/usr/local/lib/python2.3/site-packages']
>>>
Verwenden Sie zum Hinzufügen eines Pfads Folgendes:
sys.path.append('/workingdir/python/')
Ein Django-zentriertes Beispiel von Djangotricks (Blog):
import os, sys
SVN_PATH = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", ".."))
DJANGO_PATH = os.path.join(SVN_PATH, "django_src", "trunk")
PROJECT_PATH = os.path.join(SVN_PATH, "myproject", "trunk")
sys.path += [DJANGO_PATH, PROJECT_PATH]
Sofern Sie das Verhalten nicht unterdrückt haben, wird Python site.py
bei der Ausführung geladen , sodass Sie die site.py
Datei auch bearbeiten können , z /usr/lib/python2.7/site.py
.
Die Kommentare der site.py
Datei sind ebenfalls aufschlussreich.
$ more /usr/lib/python2.7/site.py
"""Append module search paths for third-party packages to sys.path.
****************************************************************
* This module is automatically imported during initialization. *
****************************************************************
In earlier versions of Python (up to 1.5a3), scripts or modules that
needed to use site-specific modules would place ``import site''
somewhere near the top of their code. Because of the automatic
import, this is no longer necessary (but code that does it still
works).
This will append site-specific paths to the module search path. On
Unix (including Mac OSX), it starts with sys.prefix and
sys.exec_prefix (if different) and appends
lib/python<version>/site-packages as well as lib/site-python.
On other platforms (such as Windows), it tries each of the
prefixes directly, as well as with lib/site-packages appended. The
resulting directories, if they exist, are appended to sys.path, and
also inspected for path configuration files.
For Debian and derivatives, this sys.path is augmented with directories
for packages distributed within the distribution. Local addons go
into /usr/local/lib/python<version>/dist-packages,
Debian addons
install into /usr/{lib,share}/python<version>/dist-packages.
/usr/lib/python<version>/site-packages
is not used.
A path configuration file is a file whose name has the form
<package>.pth; its contents are additional directories (one per line)
to be added to sys.path. Non-existing directories (or
non-directories) are never added to sys.path; no directory is added to
sys.path more than once. Blank lines and lines beginning with
'#' are skipped. Lines starting with 'import' are executed.
For example, suppose sys.prefix and sys.exec_prefix are set to
/usr/local and there is a directory
/usr/local/lib/python2.5/site-packages
with three subdirectories, foo, bar and spam, and two path
configuration files, foo.pth and bar.pth. Assume foo.pth contains the
following:
# foo package configuration
foo
bar
bletch
and bar.pth contains:
# bar package configuration
bar
Then the following directories are added to sys.path, in this order:
/usr/local/lib/python2.5/site-packages/bar
/usr/local/lib/python2.5/site-packages/foo
Note that bletch is omitted because it doesn't exist; bar precedes
foo
because bar.pth comes alphabetically before foo.pth; and
spam is
omitted because it is not mentioned in either path configuration
file.
After these path manipulations, an attempt is made to import a module
named sitecustomize, which can perform arbitrary additional
site-specific customizations. If this import fails with an
ImportError exception, it is silently ignored.
Referenzen:
python.org-Dokumente, v2.7-Suchpfad
python.org-Dokumente, v3-Suchpfad
Djangotricks-Blog, ein Hinweis zu Python-Pfaden
Martin Jansen: Django-Einstellungsdateien für Entwicklung und Produktion