CMD ist zeilenbasiert. Es wird jeweils nur eine Zeile gelesen und ausgeführt. Wenn Sie tippen und eine Zeile noch nicht beendet haben, werden Sie dazu aufgefordert More?
.
Ihre spezifische Sache ist, dass es kein Zeilenende gibt, also wartet es darauf zu sehen, was nach dem %
Zeichen kommt.
Die Verwendung von Klammern ist einfacher zu erkennen
Versuchen dir
dann
(dir
echo %time%
(type c:\windows\win.ini
)
)
Erst wenn die Zeile vollständig ist (passende Klammern), wird sie gelesen und ausgeführt.
Hier ist eine Liste mit Satzzeichen.
& separates commands on a line.
&& executes this command only if previous command's errorlevel is 0.
|| (not used above) executes this command only if previous command's errorlevel is NOT 0
> output to a file
>> append output to a file
< input from a file
| output of one command into the input of another command
^ escapes any of the above, including itself, if needed to be passed to a program
" parameters with spaces must be enclosed in quotes
+ used with copy to concatenate files. E.G. copy file1+file2 newfile
, used with copy to indicate missing parameters. This updates the files modified date. E.G. copy /b file1,,
%variablename% a inbuilt or user set environmental variable
!variablename! a user set environmental variable expanded at execution time, turned with SelLocal EnableDelayedExpansion command
%<number> (%1) the nth command line parameter passed to a batch file. %0 is the batch file's name.
%* (%*) the entire command line.
%<a letter> or %%<a letter> (%A or %%A) the variable in a for loop. Single % sign at command prompt and double % sign in a batch file.
\\ (\\servername\sharename\folder\file.ext) access files and folders via UNC naming.
: (win.ini:streamname) accesses an alternative steam. Also separates drive from rest of path.
. (win.ini) the LAST dot in a file path separates the name from extension
. (dir .\*.txt) the current directory
.. (cd ..) the parent directory
\\?\ (\\?\c:\windows\win.ini) When a file path is prefixed with \\?\ filename checks are turned off.
< > : " / \ | Reserved characters. May not be used in filenames.
Reserved names. These refer to devices eg,
copy con <filename>
which copies a file to the console window.
CON, PRN, AUX, NUL, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4,
COM5, COM6, COM7, COM8, COM9, LPT1, LPT2,
LPT3, LPT4, LPT5, LPT6, LPT7, LPT8, and LPT9
Maximum path length 260 characters
Maximum path length (\\?\) 32,767 characters (approx - some rare characters use 2 characters of storage)
Maximum filename length 255 characters
.
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