Wenn Sie an einer reinen C ++ - Lösung interessiert sind, habe ich Vorlagen und nur C ++ - Standardcode verwendet, um Typen zur Kompilierungszeit basierend auf ihrer Bitgröße zu definieren. Dadurch ist die Lösung für alle Compiler portabel.
Die Idee dahinter ist sehr einfach: Erstellen Sie eine Liste mit den Typen char, int, short, long, long long (Versionen mit und ohne Vorzeichen) und scannen Sie die Liste. Wählen Sie mithilfe der Vorlage numeric_limits den Typ mit der angegebenen Größe aus.
Einschließlich dieses Headers haben Sie 8 Typ stdtype :: int8, stdtype :: int16, stdtype :: int32, stdtype :: int64, stdtype :: uint8, stdtype :: uint16, stdtype :: uint32, stdtype :: uint64.
Wenn ein Typ nicht dargestellt werden kann, wird er als stdtype :: null_type ausgewertet, der ebenfalls in diesem Header deklariert ist.
DER CODE UNTEN WIRD OHNE GARANTIE GEGEBEN, BITTE DOPPELT ÜBERPRÜFEN.
Ich bin NEU BEI METAPROGRAMMIERUNG. Fühlen Sie sich frei, diesen Code zu bearbeiten und zu korrigieren.
Getestet mit DevC ++ (also eine gcc-Version um 3.5)
#include <limits>
namespace stdtype
{
using namespace std;
/*
* THIS IS THE CLASS USED TO SEMANTICALLY SPECIFY A NULL TYPE.
* YOU CAN USE WHATEVER YOU WANT AND EVEN DRIVE A COMPILE ERROR IF IT IS
* DECLARED/USED.
*
* PLEASE NOTE that C++ std define sizeof of an empty class to be 1.
*/
class null_type{};
/*
* Template for creating lists of types
*
* T is type to hold
* S is the next type_list<T,S> type
*
* Example:
* Creating a list with type int and char:
* typedef type_list<int, type_list<char> > test;
* test::value //int
* test::next::value //char
*/
template <typename T, typename S> struct type_list
{
typedef T value;
typedef S next;
};
/*
* Declaration of template struct for selecting a type from the list
*/
template <typename list, int b, int ctl> struct select_type;
/*
* Find a type with specified "b" bit in list "list"
*
*
*/
template <typename list, int b> struct find_type
{
private:
//Handy name for the type at the head of the list
typedef typename list::value cur_type;
//Number of bits of the type at the head
//CHANGE THIS (compile time) exp TO USE ANOTHER TYPE LEN COMPUTING
enum {cur_type_bits = numeric_limits<cur_type>::digits};
public:
//Select the type at the head if b == cur_type_bits else
//select_type call find_type with list::next
typedef typename select_type<list, b, cur_type_bits>::type type;
};
/*
* This is the specialization for empty list, return the null_type
* OVVERRIDE this struct to ADD CUSTOM BEHAVIOR for the TYPE NOT FOUND case
* (ie search for type with 17 bits on common archs)
*/
template <int b> struct find_type<null_type, b>
{
typedef null_type type;
};
/*
* Primary template for selecting the type at the head of the list if
* it matches the requested bits (b == ctl)
*
* If b == ctl the partial specified templated is evaluated so here we have
* b != ctl. We call find_type on the next element of the list
*/
template <typename list, int b, int ctl> struct select_type
{
typedef typename find_type<typename list::next, b>::type type;
};
/*
* This partial specified templated is used to select top type of a list
* it is called by find_type with the list of value (consumed at each call)
* the bits requested (b) and the current type (top type) length in bits
*
* We specialice the b == ctl case
*/
template <typename list, int b> struct select_type<list, b, b>
{
typedef typename list::value type;
};
/*
* These are the types list, to avoid possible ambiguity (some weird archs)
* we kept signed and unsigned separated
*/
#define UNSIGNED_TYPES type_list<unsigned char, \
type_list<unsigned short, \
type_list<unsigned int, \
type_list<unsigned long, \
type_list<unsigned long long, null_type> > > > >
#define SIGNED_TYPES type_list<signed char, \
type_list<signed short, \
type_list<signed int, \
type_list<signed long, \
type_list<signed long long, null_type> > > > >
/*
* These are acutally typedef used in programs.
*
* Nomenclature is [u]intN where u if present means unsigned, N is the
* number of bits in the integer
*
* find_type is used simply by giving first a type_list then the number of
* bits to search for.
*
* NB. Each type in the type list must had specified the template
* numeric_limits as it is used to compute the type len in (binary) digit.
*/
typedef find_type<UNSIGNED_TYPES, 8>::type uint8;
typedef find_type<UNSIGNED_TYPES, 16>::type uint16;
typedef find_type<UNSIGNED_TYPES, 32>::type uint32;
typedef find_type<UNSIGNED_TYPES, 64>::type uint64;
typedef find_type<SIGNED_TYPES, 7>::type int8;
typedef find_type<SIGNED_TYPES, 15>::type int16;
typedef find_type<SIGNED_TYPES, 31>::type int32;
typedef find_type<SIGNED_TYPES, 63>::type int64;
}