Ich versuche gerade, die TF2.0- API zu bekommen, aber als ich das GradientTape mit einem normalen keras.Model.fit verglich , bemerkte ich:
Es lief langsamer (wahrscheinlich aufgrund der eifrigen Ausführung)
Es konvergierte viel langsamer (und ich bin mir nicht sicher warum).
+--------+--------------+--------------+------------------+
| Epoch | GradientTape | GradientTape | keras.Model.fit |
| | | shuffling | |
+--------+--------------+--------------+------------------+
| 1 | 0.905 | 0.918 | 0.8793 |
+--------+--------------+--------------+------------------+
| 2 | 0.352 | 0.634 | 0.2226 |
+--------+--------------+--------------+------------------+
| 3 | 0.285 | 0.518 | 0.1192 |
+--------+--------------+--------------+------------------+
| 4 | 0.282 | 0.458 | 0.1029 |
+--------+--------------+--------------+------------------+
| 5 | 0.275 | 0.421 | 0.0940 |
+--------+--------------+--------------+------------------+
Hier ist die Trainingsschleife, die ich mit dem GradientTape verwendet habe :
optimizer = keras.optimizers.Adam()
glove_model = GloveModel(vocab_size=len(labels))
train_loss = keras.metrics.Mean(name='train_loss')
@tf.function
def train_step(examples, labels):
with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
predictions = glove_model(examples)
loss = glove_model.glove_loss(labels, predictions)
gradients = tape.gradient(loss, glove_model.trainable_variables)
optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(gradients, glove_model.trainable_variables))
train_loss(loss)
total_step = 0
for epoch in range(epochs_number):
pbar = tqdm(train_ds.enumerate(), total=int(len(index_data) / batch_size) + 1)
for ix, (examples, labels) in pbar:
train_step(examples, labels)
print(f"Epoch {epoch + 1}, Loss {train_loss.result()}")
# Reset the metrics for the next epoch
train_loss.reset_states()
Und hier ist das Keras.Model.fit- Training:
glove_model.compile(optimizer, glove_model.glove_loss)
glove_model.fit(train_ds, epochs=epochs_number)
Hier ist die Quelle tf.data.Dataset
train_ds = data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(
(np.hstack([index_rows.reshape(-1, 1), index_cols.reshape(-1, 1)]), index_data)
).shuffle(100000).batch(batch_size, drop_remainder=True)
Und hier ist das Modell.
class GloveModel(keras.Model):
def __init__(self, vocab_size, dim=100, a=3/4, x_max=100):
super(GloveModel, self).__init__()
self.vocab_size = vocab_size
self.dim = dim
self.a = a
self.x_max = x_max
self.target_embedding = layers.Embedding(
input_dim=self.vocab_size, output_dim=self.dim, input_length=1, name="target_embedding"
)
self.target_bias = layers.Embedding(
input_dim=self.vocab_size, output_dim=1, input_length=1, name="target_bias"
)
self.context_embedding = layers.Embedding(
input_dim=self.vocab_size, output_dim=self.dim, input_length=1, name="context_embedding"
)
self.context_bias = layers.Embedding(
input_dim=self.vocab_size, output_dim=1, input_length=1, name="context_bias"
)
self.dot_product = layers.Dot(axes=-1, name="dot")
self.prediction = layers.Add(name="add")
self.step = 0
def call(self, inputs):
target_ix = inputs[:, 0]
context_ix = inputs[:, 1]
target_embedding = self.target_embedding(target_ix)
target_bias = self.target_bias(target_ix)
context_embedding = self.context_embedding(context_ix)
context_bias = self.context_bias(context_ix)
dot_product = self.dot_product([target_embedding, context_embedding])
prediction = self.prediction([dot_product, target_bias, context_bias])
return prediction
def glove_loss(self, y_true, y_pred):
weight = tf.math.minimum(
tf.math.pow(y_true/self.x_max, self.a), 1.0
)
loss_value = tf.math.reduce_mean(weight * tf.math.pow(y_pred - tf.math.log(y_true), 2.0))
return loss_value
Ich habe mehrere Konfigurationen und Optimierer ausprobiert, aber nichts scheint die Konvergenzrate zu ändern.
tfds? Beachten Sie, dass Keras .fitstandardmäßig vor jeder Epoche gemischt werden. Sie können testen, indem Sie das Mischen in Keras deaktivieren und deren Konvergenzrate vergleichen.