Das folgende Skript führt eine Pfadanalyse mit den geringsten Kosten durch. Eingabeparameter sind ein Kostenoberflächenraster (z. B. Steigung) sowie Start- und Stoppkoordinaten. Ein Raster mit dem erstellten Pfad wird zurückgegeben. Es erfordert die Skimage-Bibliothek und GDAL.
Beispielsweise wird der kostengünstigste Pfad zwischen Punkt 1 und Punkt 2 basierend auf einem Steigungsraster erstellt:
import gdal, osr
from skimage.graph import route_through_array
import numpy as np
def raster2array(rasterfn):
raster = gdal.Open(rasterfn)
band = raster.GetRasterBand(1)
array = band.ReadAsArray()
return array
def coord2pixelOffset(rasterfn,x,y):
raster = gdal.Open(rasterfn)
geotransform = raster.GetGeoTransform()
originX = geotransform[0]
originY = geotransform[3]
pixelWidth = geotransform[1]
pixelHeight = geotransform[5]
xOffset = int((x - originX)/pixelWidth)
yOffset = int((y - originY)/pixelHeight)
return xOffset,yOffset
def createPath(CostSurfacefn,costSurfaceArray,startCoord,stopCoord):
# coordinates to array index
startCoordX = startCoord[0]
startCoordY = startCoord[1]
startIndexX,startIndexY = coord2pixelOffset(CostSurfacefn,startCoordX,startCoordY)
stopCoordX = stopCoord[0]
stopCoordY = stopCoord[1]
stopIndexX,stopIndexY = coord2pixelOffset(CostSurfacefn,stopCoordX,stopCoordY)
# create path
indices, weight = route_through_array(costSurfaceArray, (startIndexY,startIndexX), (stopIndexY,stopIndexX),geometric=True,fully_connected=True)
indices = np.array(indices).T
path = np.zeros_like(costSurfaceArray)
path[indices[0], indices[1]] = 1
return path
def array2raster(newRasterfn,rasterfn,array):
raster = gdal.Open(rasterfn)
geotransform = raster.GetGeoTransform()
originX = geotransform[0]
originY = geotransform[3]
pixelWidth = geotransform[1]
pixelHeight = geotransform[5]
cols = array.shape[1]
rows = array.shape[0]
driver = gdal.GetDriverByName('GTiff')
outRaster = driver.Create(newRasterfn, cols, rows, gdal.GDT_Byte)
outRaster.SetGeoTransform((originX, pixelWidth, 0, originY, 0, pixelHeight))
outband = outRaster.GetRasterBand(1)
outband.WriteArray(array)
outRasterSRS = osr.SpatialReference()
outRasterSRS.ImportFromWkt(raster.GetProjectionRef())
outRaster.SetProjection(outRasterSRS.ExportToWkt())
outband.FlushCache()
def main(CostSurfacefn,outputPathfn,startCoord,stopCoord):
costSurfaceArray = raster2array(CostSurfacefn) # creates array from cost surface raster
pathArray = createPath(CostSurfacefn,costSurfaceArray,startCoord,stopCoord) # creates path array
array2raster(outputPathfn,CostSurfacefn,pathArray) # converts path array to raster
if __name__ == "__main__":
CostSurfacefn = 'CostSurface.tif'
startCoord = (345387.871,1267855.277)
stopCoord = (345479.425,1267799.626)
outputPathfn = 'Path.tif'
main(CostSurfacefn,outputPathfn,startCoord,stopCoord)