Wie kann ich eine .TXT-Datei in eine .CSV-Datei konvertieren, ohne dabei den Inhalt dieses Dokuments zu verlieren?

Ich habe jetzt seit ungefähr 4 Tagen versucht, die scheinbar einfache Aufgabe des Konvertierens eines OS X-Schlüsselbundtextdumps in ein korrekt formatiertes CSV-Format ohne Fortschritt oder weniger Erfolg abzuschließen. Ich habe gepostet eine andere Frage zu meiner Situation gestern, das ist ohne Kommentar oder Vorschlag gegangen.

Ich versuche einfach, eine TXT-Datei in eine formatierte CSV-Datei zu konvertieren, ohne dabei den Inhalt des Originaldokuments zu verlieren.

Was ich schon probiert habe:

(1) RWests Gist und Ben-Oni und christophervalles Variationen davon. Der Hauptbestandteil dieses Skripts ist eine keychain.rb-Datei. Ich denke, das würde funktionieren, wenn ich nur wusste, wie ich Eingabefelder hinzufügte, um alle Felder im Originaldokument zu finden. Ich kenne die Formel jedoch nicht und konnte keine Vorlage finden. Die Ausführung dieses Skripts führt dazu, dass Hunderte von Einträgen fehlen, da den Eingaben ein entsprechendes Ausgabefeld fehlt.

#!/usr/bin/env ruby                                                                                                                                                                                                          
#                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
# Usage:                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
#   security dump-keychain -d login.keychain > keychain_logins.txt                                                                                                                                                           
#   # Lots of clicking 'Always Allow', or just 'Allow', until it's done...                                                                                                                                                   
#   curl -O curl -O https://raw.github.com/gist/1224792/06fff24412311714ad6534ab700a7d603c0a56c9/keychain.rb
#   chmod a+x ./keychain.rb                                                                                                                                                                                                  
#   ./keychain.rb keychain_logins.txt | sort > logins.csv                                                                                                                                                                    
#                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
# Then import logins.csv in 1Password using the format:                                                                                                                                                                      
# Title, URL/Location, Username, Password                                                                                                                                                                                    
# Remember to check 'Fields are quoted', and the Delimiter character of 'Comma'.                                                                                                                                             
require 'date'

class KeychainEntry
  attr_accessor :fields

  def initialize(keychain)
    last_key = nil
    @fields = {}
    data = nil
    aggregate = nil
    lines = keychain.split("\n")
    lines.each do |line|
      # Everything after the 'data:' statement is data.

      if data != nil
        data << line
      elsif aggregate != nil
        if ( line[0] == 32 || line[0] == " " )
          keyvalue = line.split('=', 2).collect { |kv| kv.strip }
          aggregate[keyvalue.first] = keyvalue.last
        else
          @fields[last_key] = aggregate
          aggregate = nil
        end
      end

      if aggregate == nil
        parts = line.split(':').collect { |piece| piece.strip }
        if parts.length > 1
          @fields[parts.first] = parts.last
        else
          last_key = parts.first
          data = [] if parts.first == "data"
          aggregate = {}
        end
      end
    end
    @fields["data"] = data.join(" ") if data
  end
end

def q(string)
  "\"#{string}\""
end

def process_entry(entry_string)
  entry = KeychainEntry.new(entry_string)


  if entry.fields['class'] == '"genp"'
    title = entry.fields['attributes']['0x00000007 <blob>'].gsub!('"', '')
    user = entry.fields['attributes']['"acct"<blob>'].gsub!('"', '')
    location = entry.fields['attributes']['"svce"<blob>'].gsub!('"', '')
    pass = entry.fields['data'][1..-2]
    puts "\"#{title}\"\t\"#{location}\"\t\"#{user}\"\t\"#{pass}\""
  end

  if entry.fields['class'] == '"inet"' && ['"form"', '"dflt"'].include?(entry.fields['attributes']['"atyp"<blob>'])
    site = entry.fields['attributes']['"srvr"<blob>'].gsub!('"', '')
    path = entry.fields['attributes']['"path"<blob>'].gsub!('"', '')
    proto= entry.fields['attributes']['"ptcl"<uint32>'].gsub!('"', '')
    proto.gsub!('htps', 'https');
    user = entry.fields['attributes']['"acct"<blob>'].gsub!('"', '')
    #user = entry.fields['attributes']['0x00000007 <blob>'].gsub!('"', '')
    date_string = entry.fields['attributes']['"mdat"<timedate>'].gsub(/0x[^ ]+[ ]+/, '').gsub!('"', '')
    date = DateTime.parse(date_string)
    pass = entry.fields['data'][1..-2]
    path = '' if path == '<NULL>'
    url = "#{proto}://#{site}#{path}"

    puts "#{site}\t#{url}\t#{user}\t#{pass}\t#{date}"
    #puts "#{user}\t #{pass}\t #{date}"
  end
end

accum = ''
ARGF.each_line do |line|
  if line =~ /^keychain: /
    unless accum.empty?
      process_entry(accum)
      accum = ''
    end
  end
  accum += line
end

(2) RMondellos Gist , was irgendwie für mich funktionierte, obwohl es fehlende Einträge gab, die ich aber ohne erklärbaren Grund überhaupt nicht mehr arbeiten konnte.

set the logFile to ((path to desktop) as string) & "Passwords"
set keychainPath to "/Users/Dad/Desktop/dad.keychain"

-- write_to_file taken from http://www.macosxautomation.com/applescript/sbrt/sbrt-09.html
on write_to_file(this_data, target_file, append_data)
    try
        set the target_file to the target_file as string
        set the open_target_file to open for access file target_file with write permission
        if append_data is false then set eof of the open_target_file to 0
        write this_data to the open_target_file starting at eof
        close access the open_target_file
        return true
    on error
        try
            close access file target_file
        end try
        return false
    end try
end write_to_file

tell application "Usable Keychain Scripting"
    set keychainItems to get every keychain item of keychain keychainPath
    repeat with keychainItem in keychainItems
        set aServer to server in keychainItem
        set anAccount to account in keychainItem
        set aPassword to password in keychainItem

        set csvEntry to aServer & "," & anAccount & "," & aPassword & "
"

        my write_to_file(csvEntry, logFile, true)
    end repeat
end tell

(3) Der AgileBits OS X-Schlüsselbund zum CSV-Konverter , was zu .csv-Dateien mit noch mehr fehlenden Einträgen als bei Gest von RWest führte.

# OS X Keychain text export converter
#
# Copyright 2014 Mike Cappella (mike@cappella.us)

package Converters::Keychain 1.02;

our @ISA    = qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT     = qw(do_init do_import do_export);
our @EXPORT_OK  = qw();

use v5.14;
use utf8;
use strict;
use warnings;
#use diagnostics;

binmode STDOUT, ":utf8";
binmode STDERR, ":utf8";

use Encode;
use Utils::PIF;
use Utils::Utils qw(verbose debug bail pluralize myjoin unfold_and_chop print_record);
use Time::Local qw(timelocal);
use Time::Piece;

my $max_password_length = 50;

my %card_field_specs = (
    login =>            { textname => undef, fields => [
    [ 'username',       0, qr/^username$/ ],
    [ 'password',       0, qr/^password$/ ],
    [ 'url',        0, qr/^url$/ ],
    ]},
    note =>         { textname => undef, fields => [
    ]},
);

my (%entry, $itype);

# The following table drives transformations or actions for an entry's attributes, or the class or
# data section (all are collected into a single hash).  Each ruleset is evaluated in order, as are
# each of the rules within a set.  The key 'c' points to a code reference, which is passed the data
# value for the given type being tested.  It can transform the value in place, or simply test it and
# return a string (for debug output).  When the key 'action' is set to 'SKIP', the entry being tested
# will be rejected from consideration for export when the 'c' code reference returns a TRUE value.
# And in that case, the code ref pointed to by 'msg' will be run to produce debug output, used to
# indicate the reason for the rejection.
#
# The table facilitates adding new transformations and rejection rules, as necessary,
# through empirical discover based on user feedback.
my @rules = (
    CLASS => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] !~ /^inet|genp$/ }, action => 'SKIP', msg => sub { debug "\tskipping non-password class: ", $_[0] } },
    ],
    svce => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^0x([A-F\d]+)\s+".*"$/pack "H*", $1/ge } },
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/ } },
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ /^Apple Persistent State Encryption$/ or 
                 $_[0] =~ /^Preview Signature Privacy$/ or
                 $_[0] =~ /^Safari Session State Key$/ or
                 $_[0] =~ /^Call History User Data Key$/}, action => 'SKIP',
            msg => sub { debug "\t\tskipping non-password record: $entry{'CLASS'}: ", $_[0] } },
    ],
    srvr => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/ } },
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/\.((?:_afpovertcp|_smb)\._tcp\.)?local// } },
    ],
    path => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/ } },
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^<NULL>$// } },
    ],
    ptcl => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/htps/https/ } },
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^"(\S+)\s*"$/$1/ } },
    ],
    acct => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^0x([A-F\d]+)\s+".*"$/pack "H*", $1/ge } },
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/ } },
    ],
    mdat => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^0x\S+\s+"(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})Z.+"$/$1-$2-$3 $4:$5:$6/g } },
    ],
    cdat => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^0x\S+\s+"(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})Z.+"$/$1-$2-$3 $4:$5:$6/g } },
    ],
    # desc must come before DATA so that 'secure note' type can be used as a condition in DATA below
    desc => [
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/; $itype = 'note' if $_[0] eq 'secure note'; $_[0] } },
    ],
    DATA => [
        # secure note data, early terminates rule list testing
        { c => sub { $itype eq 'note' and $_[0] =~ s/^.*<key>NOTE<\/key>\\012\\011<string>(.+?)<\/string>.*$/$1/ }, action => 'BREAK',
            msg => sub { debug "\t\tskipping non-password record: $entry{'CLASS'}: ", $entry{'svce'} // $entry{'srvr'} } },

        { c => sub { $_[0] !~ s/^"(.+)"$/$1/ }, action => 'SKIP',
            msg => sub { debug "\t\tskipping non-password record: $entry{'CLASS'}: ", $entry{'svce'} // $entry{'srvr'} } },
        { c => sub { $_[0] =~ /^[A-Z\d]{8}-[A-Z\d]{4}-[A-Z\d]{4}-[A-Z\d]{4}-[A-Z\d]{12}$/ }, action => 'SKIP',
            msg => sub { debug "\t\tskipping non-password record: $entry{'CLASS'}: ", $entry{'svce'} // $entry{'srvr'} } },
        { c => sub { length $_[0] > $max_password_length }, action => 'SKIP',
            msg => sub { debug "\t\tskipping record with improbably long password: $entry{'CLASS'}: ", $entry{'svce'} // $entry{'srvr'} } },
        { c => sub { join '', "\trecord: class = $entry{'CLASS'}: ", $entry{'svce'} // $entry{'srvr'} } },  # debug output only
    ],
);

$DB::single = 1;                    # triggers breakpoint when debugging

sub do_init {
    return {
    'specs'     => \%card_field_specs,
    'imptypes'      => undef,
    'opts'      => [ [ q{-m or --modified           # set item's last modified date },
                   'modified|m' ],
               ],
    };
}

sub do_import {
    my ($file, $imptypes) = @_;
    my (%Cards, %dup_check);
    my $contents = $_;;

    {
    local $/;
    open my $fh, '<:encoding(utf8)', $file or bail "Unable to open file: $file\n$!";
    $contents = <$fh>;
    close $fh;
    }

    my ($n, $examined, $skipped, $duplicates) = (1, 0, 0, 0);
    my ($npre_explode, $npost_explode);

KEYCHAIN_ENTRY:
    while ($contents) {
    if ($contents =~ s/\Akeychain: (.*?)\n+(?=$|^keychain: ")//ms) {
        local $_ = $1; my $orig = $1;
        $itype = 'login';

        $examined++;
        debug "Entry ", $examined;

        s/\A"(.*?)"\n^(.+)/$2/ms;
        my $keychain = $1;
        #debug 'Keychain: ', $keychain;

        s/\Aclass: "?(.*?)"? ?\n//ms;
        my $class = $1;

        # attributes
        s/\Aattributes:\n(.*?)(?=^data:)//ms;
        %entry = map { clean_attr_name(split /=/, $_) } split /\n\s*/, $1 =~ s/^\s+//r;

        $entry{'CLASS'} = $class;

        # data
        s/\Adata:\n(.+)\z//ms;
        $entry{'DATA'}  = defined $1 ? $1 : '';

        # run the rules in the rule set above
        # for each set of rules for an entry key...
RULE:
        for (my $i = 0;  $i < @rules; $i += 2) {
        my ($key, $ruleset) = ($rules[$i], $rules[$i + 1]);

        debug "  considering rules for ", $key;
        next if not exists $entry{$key};

        # run the entry key's rules...
        my $rulenum = 1;
        for my $rule (@$ruleset) {
            debug "\t    rule $rulenum: called with ", unfold_and_chop $entry{$key};

            my $ret = ($rule->{'c'})->($entry{$key});

            debug "\t    rule $rulenum: returns ", $ret || 0, '   ', unfold_and_chop $entry{$key};

            if (exists $rule->{'action'}) {
            if ($ret) {
                if ($rule->{'action'} eq 'SKIP') {
                $skipped++;
                ($rule->{'msg'})->($entry{$key})        if exists $rule->{'msg'};
                next KEYCHAIN_ENTRY;
                }
                elsif ($rule->{'action'} eq 'BREAK') {
                debug "\t    breaking out of rule chain";
                next RULE;
                }
            }
            }

            $rulenum++;
        }
        }

        for (keys %entry) {
        debug sprintf "\t    %-12s : %s", $_, $entry{$_}    if exists $entry{$_};
        }

        #my $itype = find_card_type(\%entry);

        my %h;
        my ($notes, $card_modified);
        if ($itype eq 'login') {
        $h{'password'}  = $entry{'DATA'};
        $h{'username'}  = $entry{'acct'}                        if exists $entry{'acct'};
        $h{'url'}   = $entry{'ptcl'} . '://' . $entry{'srvr'} . $entry{'path'}  if exists $entry{'srvr'};
        }
        elsif ($itype eq 'note') {
        # convert ascii string DATA, which contains \### octal escapes, into UTF-8
        my $octets = encode("ascii", $entry{'DATA'});
        $octets =~ s/\\(\d{3})/"qq|\\$1|"/eeg;
        $notes = decode("UTF-8", $octets);
        }
        else {
        die "Unexpected itype: $itype";
        }

        # will be added to notes
        $h{'protocol'}  = $entry{'ptcl'}                    if exists $entry{'ptcl'} and $entry{'ptcl'} =~ /^afp|smb$/;
        $h{'created'}   = $entry{'cdat'}                    if exists $entry{'cdat'};
        if (exists $entry{'mdat'}) {
        if ($main::opts{'modified'}) {
            $card_modified = date2epoch($entry{'mdat'});
        }
        else {
            $h{'modified'}  = $entry{'mdat'};
        }
        }

        for (keys %h) {
        debug sprintf "\t    %-12s : %s", $_, $h{$_}                if exists $h{$_};
        }

        # don't set/use $sv before $entry{''svce'} is removed of _afp*, _smb*, and .local, since it defeats dup detection
        my $sv = $entry{'svce'} // $entry{'srvr'};

        my $s = join ':::', 'sv', $sv,
        map { exists $h{$_} ? "$_ => $h{$_}" : 'URL => none' } qw/url username password/;

        if (exists $dup_check{$s}) {
        debug "  *skipping duplicate entry for ", $sv;
        $duplicates++;
        next
        }
        $dup_check{$s}++;


        # From the card input, place it in the converter-normal format.
        # The card input will have matched fields removed, leaving only unmatched input to be processed later.
        my $normalized = normalize_card_data($itype, \%h, 
        { title     => $sv,
          tags      => undef,
          notes     => $notes,
          folder    => undef,
          modified  => $card_modified });

        # Returns list of 1 or more card/type hashes; one input card may explode into multiple output cards
        my $cardlist = explode_normalized($itype, $normalized);

        my @k = keys %$cardlist;
        if (@k > 1) {
        $npre_explode++; $npost_explode += @k;
        debug "\tcard type $itype expanded into ", scalar @k, " cards of type @k"
        }
        for (@k) {
        print_record($cardlist->{$_});
        push @{$Cards{$_}}, $cardlist->{$_};
        }
        $n++;
    }
    else {
        bail "Keychain parse failed, after entry $examined; unexpected: ", substr $contents, 0, 2000;
    }
    }

    $n--;
    verbose "Examined $examined record", pluralize($examined);
    verbose "Skipped $skipped non-login record", pluralize($skipped);
    verbose "Skipped $duplicates duplicate record", pluralize($duplicates);

    verbose "Imported $n record", pluralize($n) ,
    $npre_explode ? " ($npre_explode card" . pluralize($npre_explode) .  " expanded to $npost_explode cards)" : "";
    return \%Cards;
}

sub do_export {
    create_pif_file(@_);
}

sub find_card_type {
    my $eref = shift;

    my $type = (exists $eref->{'desc'} and $eref->{'desc'} eq 'secure note') ? 'note' : 'login';
    debug "\t\ttype set to '$type'";
    return $type;
}

# Places card data into a normalized internal form.
#
# Basic card data passed as $norm_cards hash ref:
#    title
#    notes
#    tags
#    folder
#    modified
# Per-field data hash {
#    inkey  => imported field name
#    value  => field value after callback processing
#    valueorig  => original field value
#    outkey => exported field name
#    outtype    => field's output type (may be different than card's output type)
#    keep   => keep inkey:valueorig pair can be placed in notes
#    to_title   => append title with a value from the narmalized card
# }
sub normalize_card_data {
    my ($type, $carddata, $norm_cards) = @_;

    for my $def (@{$card_field_specs{$type}{'fields'}}) {
    my $h = {};
    for my $key (keys %$carddata) {
        if ($key =~ /$def->[2]/) {
        next if not defined $carddata->{$key} or $carddata->{$key} eq '';
        my ($inkey, $value) = ($key, $carddata->{$key});
        my $origvalue = $value;

        if (exists $def->[3] and exists $def->[3]{'func'}) {
            #         callback(value, outkey)
            my $ret = ($def->[3]{'func'})->($value, $def->[0]);
            $value = $ret   if defined $ret;
        }
        $h->{'inkey'}       = $inkey;
        $h->{'value'}       = $value;
        $h->{'valueorig'}   = $origvalue;
        $h->{'outkey'}      = $def->[0];
        $h->{'outtype'}     = $def->[3]{'type_out'} || $card_field_specs{$type}{'type_out'} || $type; 
        $h->{'keep'}        = $def->[3]{'keep'} // 0;
        $h->{'to_title'}    = ' - ' . $h->{$def->[3]{'to_title'}}   if $def->[3]{'to_title'};
        push @{$norm_cards->{'fields'}}, $h;
        delete $carddata->{$key};
        }
    }
    }

    # map remaining keys to notes
    $norm_cards->{'notes'} .= "\n"        if defined $norm_cards->{'notes'} and length $norm_cards->{'notes'} > 0 and keys %$carddata;
    for my $key (keys %$carddata) {
    $norm_cards->{'notes'} .= "\n"  if defined $norm_cards->{'notes'} and length $norm_cards->{'notes'} > 0;
    $norm_cards->{'notes'} .= join ': ', $key, $carddata->{$key};
    }

    return $norm_cards;
}

# sort logins as the last to check
sub by_test_order {
    return  1 if $a eq 'login';
    return -1 if $b eq 'login';
    $a cmp $b;
}

sub clean_attr_name {
    return ($_[0] =~ /"?([^<"]+)"?<\w+>$/, $_[1]);
}

# Date converters
# LastModificationTime field:    yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss
sub parse_date_string {
    local $_ = $_[0];
    my $when = $_[1] || 0;                  # -1 = past only, 0 = assume this century, 1 = future only, 2 = 50-yr moving window

    if (my $t = Time::Piece->strptime($_, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")) {
    return $t;
    }

    return undef;
}

sub date2epoch {
    my $t = parse_date_string @_;
    return defined $t->year ? 0 + timelocal($t->sec, $t->minute, $t->hour, $t->mday, $t->mon - 1, $t->year): $_[0];
}

1;

(4) Schweizer Feilenmesser Es schien vielversprechend zu sein, da es einen integrierten Befehl zum Konvertieren von durch Tabulatoren getrenntem Text in durch Kommas getrennten Text enthält. Bei der Ausführung des Befehls wurden jedoch Dutzende, Dutzende und Dutzende von Fehlern im "falschen Format" ausgegeben. Ich gehe davon aus, dass meine .txt-Datei eine .tsv-Datei sein muss, damit der Befehl tatsächlich funktioniert, und ich habe keine Möglichkeit gefunden, eine .txt in eine .tsv-Datei zu konvertieren.

Ich befinde mich jetzt, Tage später, an dem Ort, an dem ich angefangen habe. Kann mir bitte jemand sagen, wie ich die Eingabefelder des ersten Skripts von RWest so ändern kann, dass der gesamte Inhalt in die CSV-Datei übergeht, oder eine alternative Methode, ein Skript, eine Anwendung, einen Regentanz usw. vorschlägt, die es mir erlauben einfach alle Daten in der Textdatei in einer CSV-Datei erscheinen lassen, wobei die einzelnen Spalten durch die richtigen Spalten und Zeilen getrennt werden?

BEARBEITEN: Dies erhalten Sie, wenn Sie nur die Dateierweiterung ändern:

Ich versuche einfach, eine .txt-Datei in eine .csv-Datei zu konvertieren, ohne den Inhalt dieses Dokuments zu verlieren

Sie können die Erweiterung einfach ändern .txt in .csv.

Dateien mit durch Kommas getrennten Werten sind reine Textdateien, deren Datenspalten durch Kommas (oder.) Getrennt sind ; oder tab ). 'txt' -Dateien sind für Text gedacht und 'csv' -Dateien dienen der Datenspeicherung, sind aber beide nur Textdateien.

Erweiterung: Die Daten sehen organisiert aus wie a Wörterbuchtyp (oder wie ein mehrdimensionales Array). Ein Wörterbuch kann nicht in eine 2D-Datenrahmenstruktur konvertiert werden (z. B. csv oder excel ) da es mehr Dimensionen als 2 haben kann. Was Sie wollen, ist nicht möglich. Durch das Ersetzen von csv durch txt ist es jedoch lesbar ...

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